人工鱼礁工程的风险评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘德辅  刘伟伟  庞亮 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(2):317-322

对台风暴潮影响下的嵊泗海域人工鱼礁工程做了风险评估,考虑了台风暴潮中出现的大浪和风暴潮减水对鱼礁联合作用的危害。风险评估分为危险灾害识别、失效概率计算、失效后果评估、风险准则评定和风险管理决策几个主要的步骤。在失效概率的计算中采用基于应用设计点的重点抽样法随机模拟的技术,这一随机模拟技术可以广泛的应用与海洋工程结构的风险评估当中。  相似文献   

浅谈水工工程投标中的预算和报价技巧     

刘宏新  金琦 《海岸工程》2006,25(3):78-80

施工企业在投标时应在充分理解招标文件、施工图及做好投标前的现场考察的基础上,根据企业自身的管理水平及市场行情做好投标书。介绍了预算价编制、施工组织设计编制、定额及费用选取、报价分析及最终报价中的一些技巧性问题。  相似文献   

三传感器波浪水槽二次反射主动吸收方法     

李炎保  张兴无 《海洋科学进展》2001,19(1):82-85

三传感器波浪水槽二次反射主动吸收方法是加拿大科学院水力中心最近开发的一种水槽反射波控制技术。该法在造波板前 1～ 2倍波长处布置 3个传感器 ,通过入反射波分离方法得到准确的入反射波参数 ,以此调整造波信号 ,有效地吸收由建筑物反射回到造波板的二次反射波。文中在分析波浪水槽二次反射吸收方法研究现状的基础上 ,介绍了加拿大水力中心对现有方法的改进及其效果  相似文献   

Wave Loads and Protective Techniques of An On-Shore Wave Power Device     

You Yage YuZhi Associated Professor  Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou . Professor  Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou 《中国海洋工程》1995,(4)

In this paper, the extreme wave loads on an on-shore wave power device are investigated. First, boundary element method is applied to solve the three dimensional potential problem based on the small amplitude wave assumption. Then the motion of the Oscillating Water Column (OWC) inside the device and its laods on the device are calculated in time domain. Several protective techniques often applied are simulated by changing the constraint of the upper end of the chamber of the device. Numerical results are used to judge the effectiveness of these techniques. The investigation shows that damping can not effectively restrain the motion of OWC when the period of incident wave is long, which may cause dangerous loads on the structure. The shut chamber can effectively restrain the motion of OWC, but alternatively cause high pressure in the chamber. A Contracting opening with a Taper (CT) can exhaust a great amount of kinetic energy of OWC, and significantly decrease the loads. It is a promising protective tec  相似文献   

低围压水平下砂的排水行为(英文)   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

杨少丽  Rolf Sandven  冯秀丽  林霖 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(3):441-447

采用干样沉降法制备样品 ,选用静三轴仪对松砂和密砂样在 10 k Pa至 10 0 k Pa的低围压下的排水行为进行了实验研究 ,并对实验结果作了橡皮膜校正 ,在围压为 10 k Pa的密砂实验中 ,轴向应力的校正值可达到 12 %。实验研究表明低围压下松砂的剪胀性非常明显 ,且存在剪应力极值 ;围压越低 ,松砂和密砂的剪应力极值越小 ,达到最大剪应力所对应的剪应变越小。同时还表明低围压范围内相对密度不同 ,砂的应力应变特性不同 ;此外 ,低围压下砂的内摩擦角高于高围压下的值 ,从而在工程上应重视低围压水平下砂土工程参数的合理选取  相似文献   

Determination of phospholipid fatty acid structures and stable carbon isotope compositions of deep-sea sediments of the Northwest Pacific, ODP site 1179   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Christopher T. Mills  Robert F. Dias  Dennis Graham  Kevin W. Mandernack   《Marine Chemistry》2006,98(2-4):197-209

Sediment samples ranging from 0.05 to 278 m below sea floor (mbsf) at a Northwest Pacific deep-water (5564 mbsl) site (ODP Leg 191, Site 1179) were analyzed for phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Total PLFA concentrations decreased by a factor of three over the first meter of sediment and then decreased at a slower rate to approximately 30 mbsf. The sharp decrease over the first meter corresponds to the depth of nitrate and Mn(IV) reduction as indicated by pore water chemistry. PLFA-based cell numbers at site 1179 had a similar depth profile as that for Acridine orange direct cell counts previously made on ODP site 1149 sediments which have a similar water depth and lithology. The mole percentage of straight chain saturated PLFAs increases with depth, with a large shift between the 0.95 and 3.95 mbsf samples. PLFA stable carbon isotope ratios were determined for sediments from 0.05 to 4.53 mbsf and showed a general trend toward more depleted δ¹³C values with depth. Both of these observations may indicate a shift in the bacterial community with depth across the different redox zones inferred from pore water chemistry data. The PLFA 10me16:0, which has been attributed to the bacterial genera Desulfobacter in many marine sediments, showed the greatest isotopic depletion, decreasing from − 20 to − 35‰ over the first meter of sediment. Pore water chemistry suggested that sulfate reduction was absent or minimal over this same sediment interval. However, 10me16:0 has been shown to be produced by recently discovered anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria which are known chemoautotrophs. The increasing depletion in δ¹³C of 10me16:0 with the unusually lower concentration of ammonium and linear decrease of nitrate concentration is consistent with a scenario of anammox bacteria mediating the oxidation of ammonium via nitrite, an intermediate of nitrate reduction.  相似文献   

海洋沉积物中石英单矿物的化学分离   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

万世明  蒋恒毅  李安春 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2003,23(3):123-128

海洋沉积物中的石英作为陆源物质的标志性矿物,是古环境和古气候演化的信息载体,已成为古环境和古气候演化研究的重要替代指标.提供了改进了的化学分离海洋沉积物中石英单矿物的方法流程.在流程中的不同阶段可有效去掉全样中的生物组分、粘土矿物和长石等,取得海洋沉积物全样的总陆源矿物、石英+长石、石英的相对和绝对含量,通过计算可获得各种组分的通量,通过粒度分析可获得粒度数据.同一样品的17次重复实验表明,含量结果的平均相对误差仅为2.36%;显微镜和X射线衍射分析检查所分离出的石英纯度可达98%以上;激光粒度分析表明,化学试剂对石英的溶蚀作用不明显,不影响粒度分析结果.  相似文献   

A Computational Model for Velocity Separation in Shallow Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SONG  Zhiyao 《中国海洋工程》2002,16(3):407-413

Based on the hydrodynamical feature and the theoretical velocity profiles of tidal flow and vvind-induced flow in shal-low sea, a computational model is established for the first time, which can separate observed velocity into tidal velocity and wind-induced velocity by use of the least square method. With the model, not only the surface velocities of tidal flow and vvind-induced flow are obtained, but also the bed roughness height is determined and the wind velocity above the wa-ter surface is estimated. For verification of the model, the observed velocity in the Yellow River Estuary and the laborato-ry test is separated, then it is applied to the Yangtze River Estuary. All the results are satisfactory. The research results show that the model is simple in method, feasible in process and reasonable in result. The model is a valid approach to analysis and computation of field dala, and can be applied to separate the observed velocity in shallow sea; at the same time, reasonable boundary conditions of th  相似文献   

点带石斑鱼人工育苗技术   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

陈国华  张本 《海洋科学》2001,25(1):1-4

通过58批次的人工育苗试验，总结点带石斑鱼人工育苗技术；阐述了育苗池、育苗的环境条件、鱼苗不同生长阶段的饵料及投喂方法、育苗水质管理及生产中的操作方法等；讨论了如何解决开口饵料问题和出现3个危险期的原因等。  相似文献   

祁连山大通河河流阶地形成时代及地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

于航  步凡  胡道功  张绪教  杨金中 《中国地质调查》2018,5(3):43-48

祁连山是研究青藏高原隆升与构造变形的关键部位,其中大通河河流阶地是祁连山地区早更新世以来构造隆升和气候变化的载体,厘定大通河河流阶地的形成时代及地质意义对于分析祁连山地区的区域构造和气候环境改变具有重要意义。通过ESR测年技术,并对大通河流域江仓区域的剖面样品实测,获取岩层形成时代数据,分别为(42±4) ka B.P.、(71±5) ka B.P.、(121±12) ka B.P.、(210±20) ka B.P.和(602±60) ka B.P.。根据测年结果,确认剖面为河流相沉积环境,形成时代对应中晚更新世酒泉砾岩和戈壁砾岩时期,表明大通河河流阶地在542~662 ka B.P.之前就已经形成,推测其可能是受到中新世白杨河组之后的盆山运动或早更新世祁连山的褶皱变形影响而形成的。利用测年数据计算抬升速率,从中更新世晚期到晚更新世中期,抬升速率加快,反映了大通河流域的构造运动和气候变化加强,祁连山江仓地区在此期间快速隆升,为青藏高原东北缘以面积和体积扩张的观点提供了新的依据。  相似文献